Safe Handling and Use of Lithium Ion Batteries for Power Tools
For many years, the chemistry used in power tool batteries was commonly nickel metal hydride (Ni-MH) and nickel cadmium (Ni-Cd). During the past decade there has been an almost universal conversion to lithium-ion (Li-Ion). There were numerous reasons for the change, such as higher energy density (more energy in a smaller size), lower-toxicity materials, no memory effect, slow rate of self-discharge. The benefits of this newer Li-Ion technology have allowed higher-demand tools and applications to be battery powered, and provide significantly more work-per-charge. This extended capability, combined with the portability of battery tools, has resulted in a dramatic increase in their use.
A battery is designed to direct its energy along defined pathways in a controlled manner. When the energy finds a different, possibly even uncontrolled path, contact with caustic chemicals, burns from escaping chemicals, fire, or explosion can result – in some cases weeks after an internal fault occurs. The higher the energy density of a Li-Ion battery, the greater the potential to cause damage.
Play the video for important tips on battery safety, selection, use, and disposal.
Each original equipment manufacturer (OEM) has its own proprietary control circuity for the total system, which encompasses the tool, battery, and charger. This is so the three components communicate properly. There are numerous design considerations manufacturers address in the construction of their batteries: type and quality of cells; durability of electrical connections; electronic controls (in the battery, charger, and tool); protective housing; compliance with standards and 3rd-party certification; etc.
For all these safety and compliance considerations, batteries are not cross-compatible (unless specified by the power tool manufacturer). When buying aftermarket batteries for power tools, it is important to consult with the power tool owner’s manual and purchase only the batteries recommended by the manufacturer.
Revised April 2024
Use original power tool manufacturer batteries – avoid the hazards of knock-off and counterfeit batteries.
Adapters allow power tool battery packs from one manufacturer to be used with another manufacturer’s power tools.
Recycle your portable rechargeable batteries to conserve natural resources and preserve our environment.
Learn what to do to and how to stay safe when a battery is overheating.
There are also requirements that need to be considered when shipping or traveling with Lithium-Ion batteries.
Power your power tools right. Follow these important tips for battery safety, efficiency, and longevity.
Power tools come in all shapes, sizes, and uses. Browse safety information by tool type.
